Different Kinds Of Punishments And The Corrections System...

In Chapter 10 â€Å"Corrections†, it went over the history, different kinds of punishments, how it affected the inmates, and how the corrections system is now and how different it has changed since the first penitentiary. Being in prison has always been an act of punishment and gives time to the inmate to reflect their actions. Prison isn’t a place to relax and enjoy oneself, an inmate needs to do work or will suffer the consequences. We will look more into the different kinds of systems and how we got to where our system is at today. When it’s looked over at a glance it’s seen that hard punishment was one of the most dominant ways to handle an inmate. When penitentiaries were first looked at it was during the Enlightenment era. During this time, philosophers and reformers were rethinking of the way inmates were punished and that the methods of punishment would actually affect the inmate. Before this time, the European style of punishment was the dominant method used. They primarily used physical punishment like beating, branding, flogging, and any other way to torture an inmate. After viewing how this is the wrong way to deal with inmates the Penitentiary Act of 1779 was passed by Parliament. â€Å"This act was based on four principles: 1.) Secure and sanitary building, 2.) Inspection to make sure inmates were following rules, 3.) Terminating cost of food for offenders, and 4.) Reformatory regime† (Cole Smith, p. 295). This act leads to the reform in the United States. There wereShow MoreRel atedHistory And History Of Corrections1069 Words   |  5 PagesHistory of Corrections Sarah Barnett Criminal Justice 1101 Mrs. Childs â€Æ' History of Corrections Corrections have been around since almost the beginning of the nomadic time of people. The Huns developed systems of punishment for behavior or resistance throughout Mongolia. Because of the development of agriculture cities started to become more populated and cultures and fears of people taking advantage or causing harm to others became more and more widespread. This led to more formal systems of punishmentRead MoreThe Evolution Of The Correctional System1483 Words   |  6 PagesCorrectional System Nicholas Russo CJC 3010 10/20/2014 Throughout history, there has been many different methods for corrections. Looking back over time, you can see how the correctional system has evolved from the harsh, brutal, inhumane ways of the 16th century, to the rehabilitation methods of today. In the correctional system, there are different types of correctional facilities, various custody levels, and a time where it all started. The United States correctional system is a complicatedRead MoreCorrections and the Criminal Justice System1166 Words   |  5 PagesCorrections describes the punishment of offenders for the crimes they have committed. Corrections does not always mean punishment; in the United States they expect their inmates to read the bible to reflect on their wrongdoings. In the criminal justice system there are three major components: police, courts, and corrections. The police investigate crimes and arrest suspects handing over the evidence and investigative information to the court system. Prosecutors determine whether a crime has beenRead MoreEssay on Restorative Justice: Comparative Studies947 Words   |  4 PagesWhen considering studies in corrections on a global scale it is important to understand how to utilize the most applicable method to gather knowledge. Comparative studies are often used to explore methods for explicating or developing knowledge and attitudes. Comparative resea rch examines cases with the intention to reveal the structure and invariance or unchanging relationship for an entire group or population. In this case, and for the purpose of this paper, the comparative research is suggestedRead MoreOvercrowded Jails and Prisons1821 Words   |  7 Pagesnow rehabilitation has been an issue within the Criminal Justice System. The debate of should these criminals be punished or should they be rehabilitated. What is the reason for our jails and prisons for becoming so full? Is it because we simply like to house criminals to keep them off the streets or do we truly not know how to rehabilitate them back in to society properly? Penitentiaries first used rehabilitation as a form of punishment with in their facilities, the inmates were required to read theRead MoreRehabilitation Paper1578 Words   |  7 Pagesmany processes have been created to form the rehabilitation process of criminal justice. This process has reached out to many offenders and their families by allowing them to return to the community as changed individuals. Rehabilitation has many different process, but most, if not all have been proven successful in returning offenders to the community as changed individuals. Rehabilitation is defined as a return to a previous form. In criminal justice, rehabilitation is referred as a designed attemptRead MoreDeath Row Should Be Abolished1472 Words   |  6 PagesDepartment of Corrections, 2016.) Death row should be abolished, not only does it give inmates the impression that an eye for an eye is okay, but it puts innocent people lives at risk. Death row costs taxpayers millions of dollars, and it is a violation of the eight amendments. First of all, the death penalty puts innocent lives at risk. When people go up for the death penalty a lot of factors can determine if a person will receive death row or not. Race plays a major role in these kind of decisionsRead MoreSociety and The Criminal Justice System Essay1360 Words   |  6 Pagessocieties, the government and criminal justice systems very much related to ethics because they both establish and carry out definite rights and duties. They also attempt to prevent and/or hold anyone accountable that deviates from these standards. (Wright 2012) I. Thesis: While all of humanity should practice principles of equality, solidity, and human rights, it is extremely imperative that the corrections professionals and the criminal justice system come together at large to build a more justRead MoreThe Destructive And Wrongful Use Of Solitary Confinement1675 Words   |  7 PagesENG 4U1 September 30th, 2015 The Destructive and Wrongful Use of Solitary Confinement Very few prison systems and prison facilities use the term â€Å"solitary confinement:, instead referring to prison â€Å"segregation† or placement in â€Å"restrictive housing† (Solitary Watch, FAQ). Solitary confinement is the total isolation of inmates who are feared for being a â€Å"danger† to â€Å"society,† — the prison system itself - for 23 hours a day from days to even decades. Solitary confinement was established in the 1800’sRead MoreUnit 9 Final Paper for Criminal Justice1165 Words   |  5 PagesRachel Miller 2013-08-06 Criminal Justice- CJ 101 Professor Kim Miller Unit 9 Final Essay Our United States Corrections System has two specific ways into having people pay for their crimes. One way is punishment. People of the victims or even the victims believe this is the best way to get their justice. The second is rehabilitation. This way is good to give an offender a second chance in society and it gives them self- being. This also gives them the opportunity to accomplish academic

Lean The Lean Supply Chain Management - 1552 Words

Lean Management Approach In modern day world, organizations are facing a myriad of challenges. They are facing increasing and continually changing demands by customers, keen and knowledgeable competitors who seize every opportunity that comes their way, and a reduction of the resource base owing to increase spending. Most organizations, therefore, are seeking to increase customer satisfaction, reduce operational costs of doing business, and change their research strategy to improve their know-how on new trends in the market as a way of grasping a competitive edge among their competitors. Companies are engaging the lean supply chain management as a way of achieving their goals. As such, through the approach they can provide the right†¦show more content†¦Lean management eliminates instances where an organization requires pressuring suppliers to reduce prices, it eliminates the use of batch and queue method in managing inventory, and instances where an organization is forced to hold inventory in the semi-finished product status all of which cause missed opportunities for identifying wastes and adding value (Maleki Machado, 2013). The Lean Supply Chain Management (LSCM) approach leads to several effects in the firm. To begin with, due to the planning process involved, a company will reduce the number of suppliers that they have for each commodity that they regularly purchase. The approach will bring about the concept of vetting and which will lead to one or a few suppliers (Slack, Chamber, Johnston, 2007). Additionally, a company will look into the finer details of the company that they intend to keep as their supplier. They (the company) will look for details about corporate culture, growth plans, and technology and check if they tally with its own. A supplier whose detail will be similar with that of the company will then be taken up and upheld as the supplier. The aim of this will be to maintain a cordial relationship that will be defined by similar principles. Further, a company will identify and keep supplier partners because of the future growth of the company. Undoubtedly, after

Plunkitt of Tammany Hall Essay - 1541 Words

Plunkitt of Tammany Hall 1. Honest Graft and Dishonest Graft- When Plunkitt was tipped off about something in the city or someone wanting to built a park or something, he sees the opportunity and he takes it. He buys up the land before they do. When they see that they are going to need the land, he sells it to them at a much higher price than what he paid for it, giving him a nice profit. That is honest graft. Several politicians are accused of stealing dollars from the state’s treasury, this is an example of dishonest graft. The condemnation commissioners came along and found piece after piece of land under the name George Plunkitt of the Fifteenth Assembly District, New York City. They wondered how he knew just what to buy.†¦show more content†¦6. To Hold Your District: Study Human Nature and Act According’- Plunkitt talks about books being a hindrance and the only way to last is to know everyone in your district. He talks about looking after the people, know what they are interested in and help them with what they want. Help the people and they will help you on election day. 7. On the Shame of the Cities- In Lincoln Steffens, The Shame of the Cities, Plunkitt says that he does not know how to make decisions. He talks about the Philadelphia Republican Gang and Tammany Hall being almost the same. Plunkitt thinks he is all wrong. Plunkitt seems to talk about politicians stealing, saying that they in 1905 are no worse than 1835 as a class. It just means that the old timers had nothing to steal, while the politicians in 1905 were surrounded by temptations. 8.Ingratitude in Politics- Plunkitt talks about how he was back stabbed by one of the people he took in hand, â€Å"The† McManus. His friends told him that this would happen but he did not believe them. McManus ran ahead of Plunkitt in their own district. He later broke his ties with him. When a district leader is voted in it is like a solemn contract. If you do good and help us out, we will re-elect you next term. If you do not, you will be swatted down and will not be reelected. 9. Reciprocity in Patronage- Plunkitt talks about him being on top and doing favors for the republicans, and when theyShow MoreRelatedPlunkitt of Tammany Hall Essay842 Words   |  4 PagesKaung Myat Thu @ Keith Professor Traverso English – 119 14th October 2012 Media Influence the Identity and culture Over the last few decades, ever since the televisions and computers were invented, self ethnic identities have been influenced because of the progress in technology, which we commonly known as media, and whether the globe benefits from this approach or not has become a controversial issue amongst most of the people in the world. As what survey shows that a dominant group of peoplesRead MoreEssay about George Washington Plunkitt of Tammany Hall720 Words   |  3 PagesGeorge Washington Plunkitt of Tammany Hall Everybody is talkin these days about Tammany men growin rich on graft, but nobody thinks of drawin the distinction between honest graft and dishonest graft. With this sentence in the first chapter Plunkitt sets the tone for his short treatise on New York City politics while Tammany Hall ran the show. George Washington Plunkitt was a senator in New York during the turn of the 19th Century to the 20th Century. He was very successful in politicsRead MoreBook Report of Plunkitt of Tammany Hall Essay example949 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"An Analysis of Plunkitt of Tammany Hall† William Bryce History 1302 Austin Community College November 30, 2011 The purpose of this book report is to analyze the themes in Plunkitt of Tammany Hall by William L. Riordon. Riordon’s purpose is to educate people about politics and to stimulate reform in their corrupt political system. The first theme of this book is Plunkitt’s use of patronage. He openly discusses quid pro quo: he gives people jobs, opportunities, and welfare services inRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution1518 Words   |  7 Pagesmethods. The Progressive Reformers were a political organization that sought out to set permanent fixes to these conditions and make it possible for the immigrants to be self-sustaining. On the other hand, the political machines, more specifically Tammany Hall of Manhattan, sought to make changes by directly helping the immigrants but not without them having some benefit to their organization. Both political organizations had different responses to the plight that the lower class immigrant workers wereRead MoreThe Views of the Politician George Washington Plunkitt690 Words   |  3 PagesGeorge Washington Plunkitt was a complicated politician from New York in the 1900’s. He had his own questionable way of seeing what’s right and what’s wrong . Plunkitt’s Ideas of right a wrong sometimes seemed to be off. However, some of his ideas about things that needed to be reformed were as true then as they are now. Plunkitt seemed to be a man that knew how to get what he wanted out of people with very little effort. From the perspective of an outsider this could make him hard to trust,Read MoreThe Gilded And Progressive Eras1245 Words   |  5 Pagespolitical machines such as George Plunkitt and James Gillespie Blaine. Plunkitt was known as the leader of Tammany Hall, an Irish-based organization that was heavy in politics during the 19th century. Politicians affiliated with Tammany Hall would provide jobs, money or other favors and in return would receive government favors. Although Plunkitt believed he was doing no wrong, many Americans saw this as taking the patronage system for granted. During an interview, Plunkitt said, â€Å" I might sum the wholeRead MoreThe End Of The Civil War1805 Words   |  8 PagesGeorge W. Plunkitt in Plunkitt of Tammany Hall, and how he was living through a time where mass immigration was underway along with urbanization and industrialism. These were major changes happening during the peak of Plunkitt’s political power. These new opportunities in the economy meant new forms of corruption. For people already living in the U.S., new immigrants becoming citizens brought about controversy and questions about the effect it would have on the national identity. Plunkitt and his actionsRead MoreThe Period Between Reconstruction And World War I1811 Words   |  8 Pagesvote. Without this participation, there is no way that society can reflect their interests and the whole system of democracy falls apart. Not everyone agreed with Hewitt’s view of intelligence and education as the key factor in government success. Tammany Hall and other political machines obtained and maintained power through what is know as the â€Å"spoils system† whereby they give positions to their supporters in return for their votes and loyalty. The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, which requiredRead MoreBoyer Dbq Teacher Guide10764 Words   |  44 PagesAmerican life. Can be contrasted with Document C, in which Steiner points out the lack of such agencies in Chicago at an earlier time. Here, Addams criticizes teachers for forcing a type of assimilation disruptive to immigrant families. I—Plunkitt of Tammany Hall—Like Documents C and E, Riordan looks at city government’s relation to urban immigrants. While often cited for corruption by those with Victorian moral standards, urban political machines linked immigrants to the greater society and probably

Sports Direct Financial Situation Analysis and Their New...

INTRODUCTION: 3 PART I: COMPANY ANALYSIS 5 1- Introduction of the company 5 1.1 History: 5 1.2. The industry: 5 1.3. Sports Direct today: 6 2. Analysis on the financing structure of the company 6 2.1. Sports Direct financial statements: 7 2.2. JJB Sports financial statements: 9 2.3. Ratios of Sports Direct and JJB Sports 12 3. The weighted average cost of capital 15 3.1. Cost of equity: 15 3.2. Cost of debt: 15 3.3. WACC: 16 PART II: PROJECT INVESTMENT ANALYSIS 17 1- Preliminary report: 17 1.1. Project description: 17 1.2. Elements of the project: 18 1.3. Risk and Uncertainty: 19 1.4. Conclusion: 19 2. Project evaluation: 20 2.1. NPV: 20 2.2. Sensitivity analysis: 21 3.†¦show more content†¦And finally a quarterly report will be prepared to compare the forecasted with the actual results. PART I: COMPANY ANALYSIS 1- Introduction of the company 1.1 History: In 1982 a store in Maidenhead is opened by Mike Ashley. It’s the birth of Sports Direct. However this name was not the first one. Indeed, it was called primarily Mike Ashley Sports. In the 1990s, the founder opened many stores in and around London and over 100 stores across the United Kingdom. By that time, the name of the chain was changed to Sports Soccer. Although the high number of stores, Mike Ashley was a sole trader and his chain did not acquire the company status until 1999. By doing so, the borrowing power of the company increased and in 2002 he went on to buy Lillywhites, the prestigious sports shop in Piccadilly Circus. In 2005, Sports Direct acquired Hargreaves, Gilesports, Streetwise in 2006, and Fieldamp;Trek in 2007(History of the Company. Sportsdirect.com). In this same year, Sports Direct’s shares were listed on the London Stock Exchange and by 2009, Sports Direct operated 470 stores(Annual Report 2009) in the UK. 1.2. The industry: Sports Direct operates as a retailer in the industry of sporting, leisure clothing, footwear and equipment. 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They were united as a federal state on 2Read MoreUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook18844 Words   |  76 PagesEmirates Country Notebook Presented to Dr. Shahira El Alfy Prepared by: Mohamed Ibrahim Osama Mosher Ismail Ahmed El-Mohamady Hesham Mostafa Eslsca 36 – Global Management I. Cultural Analysis: Identification of the Emirates History: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) consists of the seven emirates, which are: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al-Khaimah, Ajman, Umm Al-Qaiwain, and Fujairah. They were united as a federal state on 2Read MoreAl Jazeera Case Study3490 Words   |  14 Pageslanguage news channel to be headquartered in the Middle East† with headquartered in Doha, Qatar but also rotates around broadcasting centers in London and Washington D.C. It reaches around  40 million households, target expended since the lunch, now approximately to 80 million homes, around 130 million households worldwide. 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The Current Economic Climate Free Essays

3. 0The Current Economic Climate * Our research clearly shows that retailers believe consumer spending will continue to be constricted throughout 2012. The fear of unemployment, particularly for those working in the public sector, will continue to depress consumer sentiment. We will write a custom essay sample on The Current Economic Climate or any similar topic only for you Order Now Combined with inflation rates that will outstrip wage increases, and consumers continuing to pay down debt, it makes top-line growth difficult. RW 2012) * While the figure continues to tick up, and unemployment among the young particularly impacts on the retailers who serve them, the threat of unemploy- ment depresses the spending of many more. (RW 2012) * Several forces at play are making life difficult for those who want to promote high streets; not least the continued growth of online sales, plus the total costs of high street property compared with footfall and sales densities. (RW 2012) (RW 2012) * Inflation has squeezed disposable incomes, particularly among the C2DE socioeconomic groups. RW 2012) * 32% The percentage of British shoppers who feel they have no cash to spare, according to the BRC and Nielsen in August 2011 (RW 2012) * Coming at a time of squeezed income by heightened inflation in essentials such as food and petrol, one might have expected consumers to cut their cloth. Yet, a number of sources including the Office for National Statistics confirm consumer spending on clothing increased by more than the rate of inflation in 2011: Mintel estimates total clothing spend grew by 4. 7%, well outpacing CPI for the clothing category. Despite the economic context, consumers therefore grew their clothing spend significantly in real terms in 2011, suggesting an underlying resilience in the market: clothes shoppers may be deterred by rain, but they are very unwilling to cut their purchases in response to a deterioration in their spending power. (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * Economy slowly recovering – falling headline inflation and recent falls in the number of people unemployed suggests the economy is showing signs of recovery since the start of 2012. Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * Double-dip recession * export * The UK economy is officially back in recession. The erratic economic growth seen in 2011 – up 0. 5% in the first quarter, down 0. 1% in the second quarter, up 0. 6% in the third quarter – ended down 0. 4% in the final quarter of 2011. This year the downward trend has been more sustained. Firstly, contracting 0. 3% in the first quarter and then by 0. 5% between April and June . It is the same story for year-on-year GDP growth, which has fallen from 1. % in the first quarter of 2011 to -0. 5% in the second quarter of 2012. Attempts to stimulate economic growth have been largely thwarted, despite a sustained period of historically low interest rates and quantitative easing measures. The unresolved euro-zone debt crisis continues to impact on the UK economy, hitting both jobs and growth. * (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * 3. 1 The UK retail environment. * after many years of erosion, neglect and mismanagement, something I felt was destined to disappear forever. (MP, 2011). out-of-town retail has drained the traffic and retail offer from our town centres, (MP, 2011) * With town centre vacancy rates doubling over the last two years and total consumer spend away from our high streets now over 50%,(MP, 2011). * †¢ The number of town centre stores fell by almost 15,000 between 2000 and 2009 with an estimated further 10,000 losses over the past couple of years;2 (MP, 2011). * †¢ Nearly one in six shops stands vacant;3 (MP, 2011). * †¢ Excluding Central London, high street footfall has fallen by around 10% in the last three years;4(MP, 2011). the overarching strategy for most retailers in 2012 is going to be presenting a great customer experience and its successful execution will depend on delivering a pitch perfect performance in all areas of the business. (RW 2012) * One operations director suggests that the Portas report is too late to reverse the decline: â€Å"I think the secondary high streets are finished, because you can’t sustain a store in a market where nobody wants to shop. What could happen in a low-rent high street is that new forms of retail entertainment will spring up. † (RW 2012) The operations director of a major retailer explains: â€Å"I think the secondary high streets are finished, because you can’t sustain a store in a market where nobody wants to shop. What could happen in a l ow rent high street is that new forms of retail entertainment will spring up. † (RW 2012) * â€Å"Research I have seen shows that even by 2020, 87% of all customers’ journeys will involve a store at some stage†¦ So I think talk of the high street’s demise is nonsense,† says the chief executive of a department store. (RW 2012) * â€Å"Change isn’t coming; it’s come and moved on† (Sibun, 2012). RMR * In the UK, several forces at play are making life difficult for those who want to promote high streets, not least the continued growth of online sales, plus the total costs of high street property compared with footfall and sales densities. (RW 2012, P. 58) * One operations director suggests the Portas report is too late to reverse the decline: â€Å"I think the secondary high streets are finished, because you can’t sustain a store in a market where nobody wants to shop. What could happen in a low-rent high street is that new forms of retail entertainment will spring up. † (RW 2012, P. 58) â€Å"High-profile retail failures cannot be taken as indicative of the sector’s health. Consumers may be under pressure financially, but there is little sign of them cutting their spending on clothing. Retailing is a remarkably robust sector – and any retailer’s failure to secure growth is by consequence down to their own failings. † * – John Mercer, Senior Retail Analyst (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * Figure 1: Clothing specialists’ sales (? m, incl. VAT), 2007-17 * * * In-store technology designed to enhance the multichannel shopping experience is a key theme among major retailers’ innovations: (Mintel 2012, lothing retailing). * Marks Spencer is reportedly investing ? 100 million on improving its digital offering to encourage customers to browse and learn more about products. The retailer’s new 151,000 sq ft outlet at Cheshire Oaks in Ellesmere Port includes a host of in-store innovation including HD display screen showcasing product, browse-and-order screens, and staff equipped with iPads. (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * Oasis has introduced an in-store iPad shopping facility enabling customers to order clothes from the store’s fitting room and have them delivered to their home. Shop staff equipped with iPads can check garment availability from anywhere on the shop floor. (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * Debenhams is launching free wifi in its 167 shops. Customers will be able to use their smartphones and mobile devices to access Debenhams information and special deals as they walk around the shop. Customers can check for sizes and availability and if it isn’t in store, scan the barcode to order it for home delivery. (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * 3. 2Threat of the internet. * But new technological developments now mean that the internet is one of the key threats to retail on our high streets. Although internet sales currently account for less than 10% of all retail sales some estimates suggest that e-commerce accounted for nearly half of all retail sales growth in the UK between 2003 and 2010, as internet access has become more widespread And we have seen dramatic growth in ‘m-commerce’ – sales over mobile devices – of more than 500% in the last two years. (MP, 2011). * De Kare Silver argues that this is, â€Å"gradually ceasing to be a bricks and mortar world†9 and shows that a 15% drop in store sales of most high street retailers pushes them below break even and into loss. It’s not just the small retailers; many businesses on the high street are feeling the pinch. De Kare Silver M (2011) e-shock 2020: How the Digital Technology Revolution is Changing Business and All Our Lives(MP, 2011). mp 2011 * One retailer comments that if you want customers to come into store then you have to treat them really well, otherwise why wouldn’t they just go and buy from Amazon. (RW 2012) * * RW 2012 – Shows that the focus is moving away from purely focusing on new channel, looking to utilise existing channels too aka stores. It’s perhaps easy to blame the high street’s problems on the continued growth in online sales. But actually as retailers have begun to deliver more integrated multichannel services they have found that online and mobile channels benefit stores. Industry body IMRG estimates that 10. 4% of all UK online retail sales in August to October 2011 were fulfilled through click-and-collect services. At the top end of the sca le, retailers such as Halfords say click and collect is driving 85% of web customers to store. (RW 2012) * Mintel 2012, forecast that the total UK expenditure on clothing and footwear via the internet will rise 86% to ? . 4bn by 2016. (Past Disso, SJG) * VM will become even more important as retailers will have to excite and entertain customers who are being distracted through a forest of other media (Glen Folley, Head of VM T. M. Lewin. VM 2020). * Growth of online sales will prove a challenge to VM in capturing the customer in store. (Sarah Bailey LCF, VM 2020). * Stores currency will be rooted in providing spectacle, wonder and kinship as well as authority and expertise beyond what can be found online (Lorna Hall, Retail Editior WGSN) 2D will never be as fulfilling as 3D (Andi Grant, Creative Director SFD Inspired Retail Design. ) * The latest challenge is the internet, shopping from home is easier, price competitive, price of parking (Tony Morgan VM) * With the rise of online sh opping and consumer’s spending less time in store (Bell and Ternus, 2006), (RMR) * â€Å"The latest challenge to in store retailers is the internet with online shopping. Shopping from home is easier and price competitive. Retailers are under more pressure than ever to insure customers return and spend. † (Morgan, 2008, p. 15). RMR) * Despite what we are being told about significant growth online, conversion rates online still tend to be substantially lower than in traditional bricks and mortar stores. Retailers believe this is due to the customer’s inability to physically interact with an item online. (Retail Week, 2012a). RMR â€Å"20 percent of people never buy fashion online, while 40 percent do so once a month or more. † (Retail Week, 2012a)RMR * Primark is a good example of a brand that is incorporating technology within their stores rather than â€Å"jumping onto the multichannel band wagon† (Pert, 2012). Primark is yet to have a transactional website because it wouldn’t fit within their brand ethos. Primark has a highly successful model and its choosing technology that helps support, enhance and replicate this model (Pert, 2012), rather than going fully online. RMR * * Peter Cross, business partner of Mary Portas – and manager of one half of her retail consultancy – Yellow Door, said: â€Å"Retail theatre is not a new thing, but the sheer power of the internet and its efficiency means that so much transactional retailing can happen online, so shops have to up their game. ttp://www. independent. co. uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/retailtainment-the-future-of-shopping-2303942. html * * â€Å"Offline shops have realised they have to do something else other than simply sell you stuff. † http://www. independent. co. uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/retailtainment-the-future-of-shopping-2303942. html * Karl Lagerfeld Prefers Bricks over Clicks * P ublished: Feb 13, 09 References: nymag * Karl Lagerfeld prefers the physical part of shopping in person vs. the visual part of shopping online. Lagerfeld was meeting with the EU competition commissioner to discuss the loosening of restrictions of selling luxury goods—read: anything designed by Karl Lagerfeld—online. * Lagerfeld extolls the pleasure of buying where one can feel the fabric and see colors in natural light. Lagerfeld is not a Luddite; with the help of his assistant, bodyguard and sometimes model Sebastien Jondeau he will sometimes buy CDs and books from Amazon. com. But â€Å"And I still like bookshops, and not because I have one,† he said. (Lagerfeld’s store 7L sells photobooks. * http://www. trendhunter. com/trends/karl-lagerfeld-embraces-bricks-over-clicks * Figure 3: Main shops used for clothing in the last 12 months, instore or online, July 2012 * Base: 1,968 internet users aged 16+ who have bought clothing in last 12 months * * (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * How are online and in-store working together? We have argued that consumers make less and less distinction between t he two. Even so, the message of the next figure is that they treat shopping trips separately. Overall, however, the results tie in with the fact that only around 10% of clothing is sold online and that buying in-store is much the most popular route. * Figure 4: How consumers made their most recent clothing purchase, July 2012 * Base: 2,000 internet users aged 16+ * * (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * Our consumer research found nearly half of Next and M;S shoppers had bought online – yet, clearly, their online sales make up a far lower proportion of their total revenues, suggesting their customers are selectively mixing in-store and online shopping. Meanwhile, overall, 18% of womenswear shoppers and 19% of menswear shoppers had used the internet as part of the browsing or purchase process, but a large proportion of this was in conjunction with store-based browsing and shopping. * Indeed, it tends only to be struggling retailers that are using the justification of a migration to online shopping for planned or mooted store closures: French Connection, New Look, and some of Arcadia’s fashion fascia, for example. * (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * * * (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). Key analysis: It is already obvious that consumers use in-store and online interchangeably as buying media. But there is still a bias to the young when it comes to researching online first. (Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * Retailers who ignore a channel of distribution do so at their peril. A store based retailer must have a complementary online offer. But purchasers of branded goods from an online only retailer have probably seen the p roduct first in a store. The online retailer only makes a sale because the customer has decided not to buy it in-store immediately. Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * * Mintel estimates online clothing sales increased 18% to ? 4. 6 billion in 2011, and we expect growth of 14% for 2012 taking the online market size to ? 5. 2 billion, equivalent to 13% of consumer spending on clothing. * Mintel’s consumer research for our Fashion Online report found that consumers are buying online more frequently and the popularity of internet shopping is gaining ground on in-store shopping. Over a fifth (22%) of consumers now buy more clothes online than they do in-store, compared to just over one in ten (12%) in 2010. For full consumer research findings, and market size data for online fashion including footwear, see Mintel’s report, Fashion Online – UK, March 2012. * think with the nature of the high street and the amount of companies going into administration Online is the way forward. Independents are being hit with high rents for bricks and mortar and are having to close after just a short period. (Surfdome Interview) * 3. Are surfdome purposely an online brand or is it because it is cheaper to trade online. would they branch out to having a highstreet presence). We wouldn’t branch out to open on the high street. We are already seeing amazing growth online, 2012 finished +76% vs 2011 (Surfdome Interview) * * 3. 3 Store Closures * Where retailers used to need 400 or 500 shops to touch the length and breadth of Britain, with the sheer power of the internet they now need far less. For example, as I write Sir Philip Green, CEO of Arcadia Group, has announced the reduction of h is own retail estate as leases expire(MP, 2011). At the time of writing, Barratts Priceless had just fallen into administration, and HMV had issued results alongside a warning that the future of the business was open to question. (RW 2012) mp 2011 * Retailers at the value end of fashion have particularly found themselves exposed to the problem of too many stores in places where footfall can’t achieve the sales they need to cover their costs. Several we spoke to warned that their store portfolios will likely shrink during the year, and other retailers said they would reposition stores and look for better rent deals even if they don’t intend to shrink store numbers overall. RW 2012) * The businesses named as those in trouble are the ones likely to have too many stores. But property costs aren’t the only reasons mainstream fashion retailers are struggling to adapt to the realities of the market. Some are still running their buying operations as though it is the boo m years. (RW 2012) * But retailers outside of these four struggling sectors are not immune from problems And indeed any business with too many stores, poor cash flow and large debts to service will face challenges to survive the year. RW 2012) * UK stores have become more important, and as later chapters of this report show, despite the fact retailers are reviewing the number of stores they need in a multichannel world, they are prepared to invest in those they keep open. (RW 2012) * The rate of highstreet shop closures is increasing due to rises in VAT, income tax and rent, high levels of inflation, and lower wage growth, meaning that consumers particulary in the middle class sector have less disposable income and are changing their spending habits. Past Disso, SJG) * The ‘Economist Intelligence Unit’, predict e-sales will make up a third of all retail sales in Britain in ten years time (Sibun, 2012). With online retailing proving such a success, many individuals have voiced concerns that the â€Å"Highstreet is dying† when faced with the â€Å"virtual onslaught† (Pert, 2012). It has been reported that a slew of shops have been closing stores to focus on their online offering (Blackden, 2012). RMR * RW 2012 * However, it’s clear that there is a space shift on the cards. The chairman of a fashion retailer says his business may close 100 stores in 2012, as it wants fewer, larger stores; which he says are difficult to find. â€Å"We will only open stores in exceptional locations such as Westfield†¦ We have far too many expensive leases and we are having negotiations with landlords at the moment. † (RW 2012) * Another fashion chief executive, who is happy with most of his stores which are in prime locations, adds: â€Å"There are a few sites in difficulty. But when a shop is in trouble we run it on a cash-for-cash basis. If the property is taking more cash than it is costing, then the store stays open. If not, it closes. We may look at the lease renewal and then take a view as to whether to close, to renegotiate or to resite. † (RW 2012) * Retailers are falling into administration with the total number of retailers in England and wales increasing by 11% from 165 to 183 in 2011. (Past Disso, SJG) * Web retailing will have taken it’s toll by the year 2020, leaving highstreets and malls vacant of many of todays recognised brands. (Tanya Reynolds, Creative Director. Proportion London. VM 2020). * recorded 32 stores closing per day in the UK. (Sibun, 2012). RMR) * On Monday, clothes chain Jane Norman became the latest high street casualty of the recession, as it moved into administration. And as the internet threatens to guzzle up the profits of remaining high street retailers, perhaps it may take an outstanding shopping experience to stir droves of people from their chairs and into the shops. Various phrases have been used over the years to describe the enhancing of shoppi ng stores: â€Å"retailtainment† and â€Å"entertailment† are obvious word plays. http://www. independent. co. uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/retailtainment-the-future-of-shopping-2303942. tml * Failures expected to decline, but will rise in retail sector * The number of business failures will fall over the coming three years but remain above pre-recession levels, according to a forecast by the accounting firm BDO. * It estimates that the number of failures will fall to 20,536 a year by 2015, from a peak of 26,196 in 2009. BDO identifies a squeeze on the disposable income of UK households as one of the primary reasons for the slow recovery and concludes that retail and personal services companies are likely to be the most severely affected. BDO predicts that the number of retail sector failures will rise by 12. 5 per cent to 3,104 in 2011 from 2,759 in 2010. It expects the personal services sector, such as hair, beauty and consumer goods repairs, to see an incr ease in failures of 2. 8 per cent to 1,288 in 2011, up from 1,252 in 2010. * http://www. independent. co. uk/news/business/news/failures-expected-to-decline-but-will-rise-in-retail-sector-2364863. html * The store will remain your key asset, use it to showcase your brand and generate maximum profitability by addressing issues at   individual store level (RW 2012, P. 58) * 3. 3UK brands vs US brands financials (The need for UK stores) MP 2011 * adapt to reap the major benefits from localising their product offers. (RW 2012) * Again, this is a trend where UK retailers can be proud of what they’ve achieved, as their private-label developments are among the finest in the world, and in some cases give manufacturers a run for their money (RW 2012) (RW 2012) * Retailers with international appeal are asking themselves how much of a return they’ll get from opening one more store in the UK compared with one abroad, especially one in the fast-growing emerging markets. RW 2012) * I would say not, we are a global brand on a global stage, we see ourselves as retail leaders, but would be influenced by any great retail idea not just from the USA. (Selfridges interview) * 1. Yes, Ted Baker is portrayed as a very British brand. Ted Baker is still considered â€Å"out of the ordinary† with strong UK roots. (Ted Baker Interview) * 3. 4upper middle market retailers. (lack of british brands in this sector) * The fact is that the major supermarkets and malls have delivered highly convenient, needs-based retailing, which serves today’s consumers well. MP, 2011). * Woolworths is a prime example. They simply hadn’t realised how to talk to the new value-conscious consumer and allowed the pound shops, many of which are seeing astronomic levels of growth, to pile in and steal their market share. A fact made all the more painful when one knows that Woolworths was in fact the original pound shop offering all its merchandise at a fixed single price. (MP, 2011). * Primarily this is 16-25 year olds. They are faced with much greater higher education costs than previous generations and rising unemployment. And also C2DE socioeconomic groups; those on benefits, the elderly and low-paid have been at the sharp end of rising inflation during 2011. Even if, as many predict, inflation slows during 2012 the damage to their spending power has already been done. (RW 2012) * And the director of a premium fashion retailer is mindful that her competition is likely to grow, so it’s not a time for the business to scrimp on what makes it attractive to customers, as the new competition sure won’t be. â€Å"The international brands that are coming in from the US, France and Australia have got quite a bit of money to invest,† she says. RW 2012) * Unemployment stands at 8. 3%. Both the rate and level of youth unemployment stands at the highest it has ever been, with 22% – or around one million – economically active 16 to 25 year olds not in employment. (RW 2012) * Clothes buying still a priority for under-25s – 61% of under-25s – a key market for clothing retailers – still include clothing and footwear within their top five biggest areas of expenditure, with fashion the ultimate spending priority for 15-19-year-olds, according to Mintel’s Youth Fashion – UK – December 2011 report. Mintel 2012, clothing retailing). * Under-25s demographic group shrinking – The number of under-25s – a key market for clothing retailers – is contracting as a percentage of the population. The UK’s ageing population means the number of 15-19-year-olds is predicted to shrink by 7. 1% between 2012 and 2017, while the number of 20-24-year-olds is expected to fall to 5. 3% during the same period. (Mintel 2012, clothing How to cite The Current Economic Climate, Papers

Airline Research free essay sample

Upon the case study that provided by CNN and research from own, we can understand that within a market it shows that all consumers have different tastes and different needs and requirements. As a result, particular markets can usually be further divided into discrete segments. Meanwhile, target segments it can be divided in three segments which are demographics segmentation, geographically segmentation and psychologically segmentation. In conjunction, that products and services can be developed for each part of the market base on each segment to closely aim at satisfying each consumer group. Somehow according to the case study provided, target segments for the SIA’s new budget carrier, Scoot airline uses two forms which are psychographic segmentation and demographic segmentation to divide up the market for its services. In demographic segmentation, Scoot airline consists dividing into the group of age, gender, occupation and income of their consumers. We will write a custom essay sample on Airline Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On the other hand, psychographic segment, Scoot airline aslo identifying their business by social class, lifestyles, opinions, interests, behavior and attitudes of their consumers. Somehow, segmentation have given SCOOT airline a better understanding of its consumers, the services they require, where and when they want those services and how they would prefer to pay for them. Which upon the information of Scoot airline provided at their web page â€Å"About Scoot† have been explain their business as were â€Å"we’re an airline for the young, the young-at-heart and the value seeking. People who remember that travel is all about discovering, connecting, experiencing, and enjoying. † About scoot. (2011, November 1) Scoot airline segments its market for demographic and psychographic is due to the current young consumers which age group around 18 years old to young adult 30 years old, lifestyle and interest are always wanted and craving to enjoy their life by using their minimum spent to explore, experience and discover as much they can. Mainly they are leisure travelers and concern on price conscious. Accordingly, all these are consumers need and the proportion of consumers who have those needs. In conjunction, Scoot airline ake this opportunity to develop an offer for consumers a new non-stop routes from Malaysia with a low fares long-haul travel to Australia, Japan, China and ultimately the world for the first year. About scoot. (2011, November 1) Target segmentation therefore enables Scoot airline to maximize the efficiency of its marketing efforts by moving the company to use a different strategy for each market segment. Question 2 Base on research, as a market develops, currently consumers have been become more experienced and discerning and look for more benefits from the products they choose. However, Scoot airline define their big idea for product is â€Å"Save on the frills, spend on the thrills†. Fly with Scoot is pay whatever you want which mean you aren’t subsidizing the choices of others. On the other hands, whichever everything you save, you can spend on your holiday. Meanwhile, Scoot can get the lowest cost for long-haul air flight. The save frills of SCOOT airline strategy will allow them to keep average economy fares for 40% lower than legacy carriers, which in the Asia offering sees the addition for several frills including complimentary food, drinks and check-in luggage. By the way, Scoot may let you customize the experience which suits your needs too. Consumer can buy just a seat, or add extras, from get a tasty meal to a great entertainment, get an extra large seats extra heavy baggage and bulky equipments which all of these choices is on your own. Somehow, Scoot wanted to make it easier and convenient and they have been bundled all those option together with a funky-named as â€Å"Fly, Flybag, Flybageat, ScootBiz†. Which just one clicks and enjoy a discount, compared to selecting the extras individually. Fly with Scoot can get a seat which they assign one for you, or select the exact location you want. Somehow, Flybag with Scoot can get a benefit of fly, plus 15kg of checked baggage allowance. Moreover, all the benefits of FlyBag plus one meal plus a standard seat choice, which are all less than buying them separately. Scoot airline which also offer for those business class passengers. They can get comfy leather seating with 38 inches to spread your legs and up to 2 meals are offered in this premium cabin. Business class passengers can select their seats, haul more luggages in the belly and drink as much as they want. It is invented with the intention of making a simple and convenience lifestyle for business user. For the additional service, passenger can rent an iPad tablet as fully loaded with awesome entertainment. Scoot airline average price for a flight from Malaysia to Sydney it will be RM379 each way, for the most basic seats which not included any frills on this for somewhat long flight. This unbundling price most suitable for those young adult who wanted enjoy their life by using their minimum spent. Somehow, according to fully package ticket cost for ScootBiz who enjoy for more comfy on travel transport, it will be about RM999 each way. Scoot airline distribute their channel mainly by travel agents and internet booking. The company have also made good placement in search engine, when searching using keyword Scoot airline or â€Å"fly scoot†, it will appear on top list. Besides, Scoot airlines itself have a blogspot for consumer to know more on their business and present in social network website Facebook. Thru social network website, Scoot airline can also promote its business on the internet. Question 3 To create Scoot airline positioning in this market, branding strategy can divided into 2 categories, which are to create awareness of Scoot airline as well as an advertising campaign. Long term objective for Scoot airline is to become the leading brand in Malaysia among young adults aged 18 to 30 years old in 5 years time. Drive brand excitement to a larger base comprising to reach out to young working adults or youth. In short term is to increase awareness among young adults among aged 18 to 35 years old from 1st October 2012 to 30th September 2013. Besides, it also to increase sales by 20% among young adults aged 18 to 35 years old from 1st October 2012 to 30th September 2013. Advertising concept of Scoot airline. It is Scoot airline unique attitude, the attitude that underpins the whole company and service culture. It ‘s an amalgam describing our values, expectations and outlook such as being engaging, fuss free, reliable, contemporary, friendly, different. For integrated communication marketing strategy of events and promotions are important in establishing the campaign because it assures that maximizes the impact on the targeted audience. This special offer of no surcharge baggage just while people buy the flight ticket during the road show only, but is chargeable after the road show. To create a huge awareness of Scoot airline in Malaysia, above the line (ATL) advertisements will be disseminated in different channels via print, outdoor advertisements, electronic, and lastly broadcast. For print advertisement, uncontrolled media is applied, which are newspapers and magazines. Both English and Chinese language newspapers and magazines will be focused on. Advantages of applying newspaper such as reaching a massive number of people in a given geographic area, flexibility in deciding the advertisement size and placement within the newspaper, and exposure to the advertisement is not limited. On the other hand, using magazines allow for better targeting of audience, high reader involvement, and has better quality paper that permits better color reproduction, relatively long advertisement life and repeated advertisement exposure. We will be choosing The Star, The Sun, New Straits time and Malaysian Reserve for English newspaper. Mandarin newspaper will be China Press, Sin Chew Jit Poh, Guang Ming Daily and Nan Yang Sang Pau. For english magazine will be Business Today, Info Today, iproperty. com. my. Outdoor advertising includes billboards and transit advertisements. These methods are used because they have 24 hour exposure, geographical flexibility, gain immediate attention, creative flexibility and serve as a reminder message. 2 advertisements on billboards will be located at 2 highways: East Coast highway (near Terengganu) and North- South Highway (near Malacca). Transit advertisement will be wrapped around the external of Star-line LRT. Electronic advertising is the Internet advertisements. Internet advertisements are used because they have interactivity capabilities, low cost flexibility to change, borderless market, creative flexibility, wide exposure and speed. Besides Scoot’s webpage, its advertisements are also present as a banner at hotmail, Gmail and yahoo mail pages because most of the target audiences will check their mail every day. For broadcast advertisement TVC commercial, the advertising awareness campaign of Scoot airline begins in October 2012 and ends in September 2013, which last for 12 months. TVC 30 second will be placed in a flighting way. TVC it usually being used to advertise products that consumers will go through the website to book. Even though the price of advertising in this medium is high, but the audio-visual ad broadcasted in it can help to educate target audience drive into Scoot website. Question 4 Possible challenges that Scoot airline will be facing is their biggest competitor Air Asia. Between this two brands Air Asia and Scoot will be occur big contradict of price war. In Malaysia market, anyone who doesn’t know Air Asia it must been living in a cave. Air Asia has grown by leaps in bounds in just ten years. The brand is now visible on English Premier League jerseys, been voted the Worlds Best Low-Cost Airline in 2009 and 2012 and is the title sponsor of the Australian Moto Grand Prix. Challenges of Scoot airline have to face the comparison of price between Air Asia. Air Asia low cost airline have been build a strong rapport for Malaysian. Malaysia consumers will be time to time keep track on Air Asia promotions and plans, while consumer plan for a trip the main airline bounds out in their mind set is Air Asia. Although the levels of comfortable seat are not so recommended but Malaysian consumers do not mind on Air Asia shortcoming as long as the flight ticket they buy is cheap enough. Between the price war, Scoot has to create a top of mind to outbid Air Asia. Besides, Scoot airline will be facing the frequency flight time challenges which their competitor JetStar Airway and Air Asia are always provide different flight time for passengers. Competitor flight time choices are much more for passengers to choose, objective by having much choices of flight time is to let consumer more convenient. Especially festive season they will have more flight time to choose. For example, date 11st February 2012, 8. 50 a. m. JetStar Airway provide 5 selection for customer to choose. In day time they have approximate 15 selections. Below image 1. 1 is an example of JetsStar Airway frequency time flight. [pic] Image 1. 1 – JetStar Airway flight time frequency Moreover, even we know that Scoot airline will be provide a lots of personal services such as extra iPad rent out for passengers while there are in the flight but Air Asia is always providing end to end convenient service to our Malaysian. However, end to end convenient service is Air Asia has a service which included air bus transportation to airport while consumer doing their flight booking. Air Asia have such service is because Malaysia airport is far from city and it is not convenient passengers to reach the airport if they have no car. All the above challenges mention Scoot will be facing if its airline come to Malaysia. Scoot have to create a big top of mind to grab Malaysian mind is the price war between Air Asia. Question 5 (A) According to (Arah Pendidikan Sdn. Bhd. (Ed. ). (2002). Unit 2: marketing planning and organization), The American Marketing Association defines marketing research as â€Å"the systematic gathering, recording and analysing of data about problems related to the marketing of goods and services†. Crisp has defined marketing research as â€Å" the systematic, objective and exhaustive search for and study of the facts relevant to any problem in the field of marketing†. Accordingly, there are a lots of organization described market research as product orientated. It means that they develop a product and then look for a market to sell to. For upon the cases study, Scoot airline is considered a market orientated. It is because the whole organization focuses on the needs of its consumers. It is therefore essential that it identifies and anticipates changing consumer needs before the development of new products. Meanwhile, market research have been added a value to business for Scoot airline’s by identifying consumer’s needs. It helps Scoot airline to plan ahead. For example, looking at what products or extensions should develop and for whom. It focuses the business on the needs of its consumers. An organization which has market research it may improve its competitive advantages from the research data they get from research agency or did by own. In a way for Scoot airline to improve overall sales in the market, Scoot airline have to be always looking for ways to strengthen its own portfolio. New brand service as like Scoot airline which is still new for Malaysian consumer, in order to reduce risk for an organization market research is the good way. Question 5(B) New brand as like Scoot airline which wanted to develop at Malaysia market, they should commissioned primary research. Primary research may gather firsthand to answer questions that are specific to the project. Although primary research is often time-consuming and expensive, but it is considered as a reliable source of information because it is directly from the consumer and is specifically designed to meet the objectives of a project. Therefore, collecting primary data have a few of different number to collect. Somehow if hired agencies to help out, they will employed to collect data using. For example, street interviews of a questionnaire. This is a systematic list of questions that obtain feedback from the consumers. Moreover to develop Scoot airline which successful to bring in Malaysia market, Scoot used various methods of primary data collection. Primary market data may involve qualitative research or quantitative research. Both types of data are valuable in understanding what consumers want or need. Qualitative research is a research method used to gather general information, where precise results are not necessary. Moreover, the results are expressed in words. There are several types of qualitative research, such as focus groups, field observation, in-depth interviews, Delphi studies, and case studies. It is a data which more concerned about opinions, attitudes and feelings. It may gather from a large sample of respondents which come with numerical form. Mostly qualitative research establishes conversation with consumers. From qualitative research, it prompts consumer reaction to. Besides, it also help Scoot airline to get the information from consumer to determine their target preference. Sanchez (2006) point out that â€Å"quantitative research generates tatistics through the use of large-scale survey research. † According to Bobbit and Sullivan (2005), quantitative research is a research methods used when specific results are necessary and are expressed in numbers or statistics. From the quantitative, normally it use of scales, so numbers get associated with a particular meaning. For example, 1 to 7 of evaluation scale, it can be mean mean that 1 is â€Å"not satisfy† and 7 are â€Å"very satisfy†. In conjunction, the business itself needs to understand those numbers which provide by consumers. In addition, Scoot airline which also used secondary research which is existing research that has already been collected by other organizations. Somehow, with the beneficial of secondary research are much quicker and often less expensive compare with primary research. However, those sources of secondary data it may include books, journals, internet and government statistics. Market research agencies collect a range of data which they process and use to provide organizations like Scoot airline with research. Qualitative research of focus group, Scoot airline used it to show consumers new idea airline of low cost long-haul launch at Malaysia market. Somehow, focus groups may capture the attitudes and feelings of consumers towards the new airline come into Malaysia. This primary research helped Scoot airline to find out how about a new product suggestions could be developed and still fit in Malaysian consumer. It helped Scoot airline to establish what consumers were mostly looking for in terms low cost as well as services that can provide during flight time.